| 机器视觉在船舶焊接缺陷检测领域的应用及展望 |
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| 引用本文：梁彩平,许宸隽,牛文旭,王馨,张延松.机器视觉在船舶焊接缺陷检测领域的应用及展望[J].上海第二工业大学(中文版),2026,43(1):39-46 |
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| 基金项目:工信部高技术船舶科研项目(CJ03N20)资助 |
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| 中文摘要:针对船舶焊接缺陷检测过程中人工检测效率低、精度不足的问题，亟需引入先进的检测手段以提升焊接缺陷识别的效率与准确性，因此对机器视觉技术在船舶焊接缺陷检测中的应用进行了研究。首先，分析了船舶焊接缺陷类型、船舶焊接缺陷检测与常规焊接缺陷检测的区别以及常用检测方法，分析了机器视觉在船舶焊接检测中的差异化优势，评估了机器视觉技术在船舶焊接缺陷检测方面的可行性，并探讨了机器视觉技术在焊缝缺陷、热影响区缺陷、焊接应力与变形缺陷检测中应用。研究表明，机器视觉技术能够显著提升船舶焊接缺陷检测的效率和精度，在未来可结合数字孪生等技术实现更高效的船舶缺陷检测。 |
| 中文关键词:机器视觉 船舶焊接 缺陷检测 |
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| The Application and Prospects of Machine Vision in Ship Welding Defect Detection |
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| Abstract:To address the low efficiency and limited accuracy of manual inspection in ship welding defect detection, advanced detection methods must be introduced to enhance both speed and precision. This study therefore investigates the application of machine vision technology in ship welding defect inspection. First, it analyzes the types of ship welding defects, contrasts ship-specific detection with conventional methods, and reviews general inspection techniques. Next, it examines the differentiated advantages of machine vision in the shipbuilding context and evaluates its feasibility for detecting welding flaws. Finally, the application of machine vision in identifying weld-seam defects, heat-affected-zone defects, and welding stress and deformation defects is discussed. The results demonstrate that machine vision can substantially improve inspection efficiency and accuracy, and, when integrated with digital twin technology, promises even more effective ship defect detection in the future. |
| keywords:machine vision ship welding defect detection |
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